Modern History Quiz 3

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Swaraj Party was formed by Motilal Nehru and CR Das. It was established as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party. It was a political party formed in India on 1 January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress.

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The song Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom.

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Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College was founded in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, initially as a primary school, with the intention of taking it to a college-level institution, known as Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental Collegiate School.

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Lord Ripon is known as the Father of Local Self Government in India. He was the first British viceroy to give wider rights and powers to local bodies.

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The Portuguese rule lasted for about 450 years, and heavily influenced Goan culture, cuisine, and architecture. In 1961, the Indian Army invaded and annexed Goa.

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Mahatma Gandhi considered Khadi as a symbol of unity, economic independence and equality of Indians. He used to say that Khadi is a respectable business of earning bread for the poor.

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The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–1932 were a series of peace conferences organized by the British Government and Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India.

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Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the “Bismarck of India” due to his efforts of consolidating the fragmented parts of a divided India.

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Indian Council Act of 1909 is also known as Morley-Minto Reform. It was instituted to placate the Moderates (Congress) and introduces separate electorates on the basis of religion.

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Shivaswami Iyer examined the Simon commission Report and said that this report should be thrown on a heap of rubbish. He was a prominent lawyer, administrator and statesman who served as the Advocate General of Madras from 1907 to 1911.

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The Third Battle of Panipat was fought between the Maratha Empire and King of Afghanistan. Ahmad Shah Abdali was supported by Indian Muslim allies but Hindu leaders like Rajputs or Jaats didn’t come for Marathas’ help. The Marathas lost the battle by the divide within India and Indians.

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Direct Action Day (16 August 1946), also known as the 1946 Calcutta Killings, was a day of nationwide protest by the Indian Muslim community announced by Jinnah. It led to large-scale violence between Muslims and Hindus in the city of Calcutta in the Bengal province of British India.

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On 8th August 1942 at the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi launched the ‘Quit India’ movement. The next day (9th August 1942), Gandhi, Nehru and many other leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested by the British Government.

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Vernacular Press Act of 1878, proposed by Lytton the then Viceroy of India (1876-80). It was meant only for vernacular/ native language newspapers not for English ones.

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The province of Bengal was partitioned into largely Muslim eastern areas and largely Hindu western areas. Announced on 19th July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, and implemented on 16 October 1905, it was undone a mere six years later.

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The Indian Councils Act of 1909 is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms. It was series of reform measures enacted in 1909 by the British Parliament.

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Tilak found the first home rule league at the Bombay provincial congress at Belgaum in April 1916.

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The Commission was strongly opposed by many Indians. It was opposed by Nehru, Gandhi, Jinnah, the Muslim League and Indian National Congress because it contained seven members of the British Parliament but no Indians.

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The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690).

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The Forward Bloc of the Indian National Congress was formed on 3rd May 1939 by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, who had resigned from the presidency of the Indian National Congress on 29 April after being outmaneuvered by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

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Bal Gangadhar Tilak was given the epithet of Lokmanya during Home Rule Movement. He was given the title, ‘Lokmanya’, which means ‘accepted by the people’ by his followers.

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The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a political Organisation formed under the leadership of B.R. Ambedkar on 15 August 1936. Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) was an organisation in India founded by B.R. Ambedkar in 1942 to campaign for the rights of the Dalit community.

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Provincial autonomy was introduced in the Government of India Act, 1935. The Act gave more autonomy to the provinces.

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“Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge…” This was stated on the night of August 14, 1947 by Jawaharlal Nehru.

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Congress held a special session in Calcutta in September 1920 under the presidentship of Lala Lajpat Rai. It met to pass the resolution of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Dadabhai Naoroji also known as the “Grand Old Man of India” and “Unofficial Ambassador of India” He was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the first Asian to be a British MP other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre.

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With a view to improving the condition of peasants, Curzon opened some banks, passed the Punjab Land Alienation Act in 1900 and the Cooperative Credit Societies Act in 1904, framed the ‘Suspension and Remissions Resolution’ in 1905, established an Imperial Agriculture Department and established an Agriculture Research.

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Dyarchy system of double government was introduced by the Government of India Act (1919) for the provinces of British India.

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On 1 November 1858, the East India Company rule was ended in India and the British government enacted Parliament act of 1858. According to this act Indian administration shifted into the hands of the British Crown and this was pronounced by Lord Canning at Allahabad.

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The Lucknow Pact was an agreement reached between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League (AIMLM) at a joint session of both parties held in Lucknow in December 1916.

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The Permanent Settlement of Bengal was brought into effect by the East India Company headed by the Governor-General Lord Cornwallis in 1793.

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Dadabhai Naoroji’s work focused on the drain of wealth from India to Britain during the British rule in India.

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On the night of June 7, 1893, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, a young lawyer then, was thrown off the train’s first-class (whites-only) compartment at Pietermaritzburg station, Durban in South Africa for refusing to give up his seat.

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Jawaharlal Nehru had attended the Congress of Oppressed Nationalities at Brussels in 1927, on behalf of the National Congress.

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For a long time, only British officers were appointed to all covenanted posts. Lord Dalhousie made it possible for the Indians to enter the Indian Civil Service through an Open Competitive examination. Satyendranath Tagore was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service.

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After joining the Indian National Congress and taking part in political agitation in Punjab, Lala Lajpat Rai was deported to Mandalay, Burma in 1907.

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Lord William Bentinck met with Maharaja Ranjit Singh at Ropar, on the bank of the Sutlej, in the spring of 1831. He had entertained Ranjit Singh with great honour.

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The Khalji Sultans of Delhi were of Turkish origin. The Khalji dynasty was a Turko-Afghan dynasty which ruled on the Delhi sultanate, covering large parts of the Indian subcontinent for nearly three decades between 1290 and 1320.

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1915, barely five months after the ban on “Al-Hilal”, Maulana Azad started the publication of the “Al-Balagh” weekly. It was similar in its content to “Al-Hilal”.

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The court is one of the three High Courts in India established in the three Presidency Towns of Madras, Bombay and Calcutta by letters patent granted by Queen Victoria, bearing date 26 June 1862. The Calcutta High Court is the oldest high court in the country, established on 2 July 1862.

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1. Prarthana Samaj: 1860s (Dadoba Pandurang and his brother Atmaram Pandurang)
2. Brahmo Samaj: 1828 (Ram Mohan Roy)
3. Arya Samaj: 1875 (Dayananda Saraswati)
4. Rama Krishna Mission: 1897 (Swami Vivekananda)

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The rulers of Vijayanagar promoted Tamil, Telugu and Sanskrit. Tamil and Telugu became the lingua-franca of the Vijayanagara Empire. Some scholars also opine that Sanskrit acted as a lingua-franca, but it must have been only so among the elites and the literate.

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Acharya J.B. Kripalani was the President of Indian National Congress when Mountbatten plan of independence was accepted. He was noted particularly for holding the presidency of the Indian National Congress during the transfer of power in 1947 and the husband of Sucheta Kripalani.

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The most remarkable feature of the Government of India Act 1935 was provincial autonomy. With the abolition of Dyarchy at provinces, the entire provincial administration was instructed to the responsible ministers who were controlled and removed by the provincial legislatures.

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Charles John Canning was the governor-general of India during the Revolt of 1857. He became the first viceroy of India in 1858 and played an important part in the work of reconstruction in that colony.

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Albert Einstein was highly impressed with Mahatma Gandhi and he stated this statement after Gandhi’s death.

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The Tower of Victory was constructed between 1442 and 1449 AD by Rana Kumbha. It was built in the admiration of Rana Kumbha’s victory over Mahmud Khilji.

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The civil disobedience movement commenced with the Dandi March when Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad on foot with 78 other members of the Ashram for Dandi on 12 March 1930. After reaching Dandi, Gandhi broke the salt law.

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The Battle of Wandiwash was a battle in India between the French and the British in 1760. The battle was part of the Third Carnatic War fought between the French and British colonial empires, which itself was a part of the global Seven Years’ War. It was a decisive win for the English.

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This desire for Indian unity was symbolized by the Cabinet Mission, which arrived in New Delhi on 24 March 1946, sent by the British government, in which the subject was the form of a post-independent India.