Chemistry Quiz 3

Natural radioactivity was discovered by Antoine Henri Becquerel. Henri Becquerel (1852-1908) was a French physicist who discovered radioactivity through his investigations of uranium and other substances. In 1903 he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with Pierre and Marie Curie.

Hydrolysis is a double decomposition reaction with water as one of the reactants. It is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds.

Zinc is used to galvanise iron. Galvanizing is a process of coating iron or steel with zinc in order to provide greater protection against corrosion for the iron or steel base.

Arsenic, mercury, cadmium and fluoride are the main pollutants in the drinking water which are found in some parts of India.

Anthracite is the highest grade and best equality coal. It is a hard, very low content of volatile compact variety of coal that has a high luster. It has the highest carbon content (92.1% to 98%), the fewest impurities, and the highest calorific content.

Soap is prepared by boiling caustic soda with Fats. Soap is prepared by hydrolyzing fat under alkaline (basic) conditions. The reaction is called saponification, and produces one molecule of glycerin and three molecules of soap, for each molecule of fat taken.

The chemical(s) most commonly used for cloud seeding is Silver Iodide (AgI) to aid in the formation of ice crystals. Cloud seeding is a weather-modification technique that improves a cloud's ability to produce rain or snow by introducing tiny ice nuclei into certain types of subfreezing clouds.

Oxygen is by far the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up 46% of mass. This is due to oxygen being a very common rock-forming element together with silicon (28%). Other common elements are aluminium (8.2%), iron (5.6%), calcium (4.2%), sodium (2.5%), magnesium (2.4%), potassium, (2.0%). Making aluminium the most common metal in the crust.

Quartz is made of Sodium Silicate. It is a chemical compound consisting of one part silicon and two parts oxygen. It is silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Sodium silicate is made by fusing silicon dioxide (from Sand) and Sodium oxide (from Soda ash).

Glass is a supercooled liquid. Supercooling is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid or a gas below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. It achieves this in the absence of a seed crystal or nucleus around which a crystal structure can form.