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- Question 1 of 50
1. Question
The most suitable vessel for storing concentrated sulphuric acid is:
Hint
The most suitable vessel for storing concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a glass vessel as it is not able to dissolve glass. This is because sulfuric acid is simply not corrosive enough to eat through the extremely strong silicon dioxide (SiO2) bonds that are the main component found in glass.
- Question 2 of 50
2. Question
What is the element that is in the highest percentage in the composition of the earth?
Hint
Oxygen is by far the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, making up 46% of mass. This is due to oxygen being a very common rock-forming element together with silicon (28%). Other common elements are aluminium (8.2%), iron (5.6%), calcium (4.2%), sodium (2.5%), magnesium (2.4%), potassium, (2.0%). Making aluminium the most common metal in the crust.
- Question 3 of 50
3. Question
The ratio of pure gold in 18-carat gold is:
Hint
The ratio of pure gold in 18-carat gold is 75 percent. ‘Caratage’ is the measurement of purity of gold alloyed with other metals. 24 carat is pure gold with no other metals. Lower caratages contain less gold; 18-carat gold contains 75 percent gold and 25 percent other metals, often copper or silver.
- Question 4 of 50
4. Question
Diamond is harder than graphite because of:
Hint
Diamond is harder than graphite because of tetrahedral structure of diamond. In a diamond, the carbon atoms are arranged tetrahedrally. Each carbon atom is attached to four other carbon atoms 1.544 × 10–10 meter away with a C-C-C bond angle of 109.5 degrees. It is a strong, rigid three-dimensional structure that results in an infinite network of atoms.
- Question 5 of 50
5. Question
Gobar gas contains mainly:
Hint
Gobar gas (Biogas) contains mainly methane. It is a mixture of gases, primarily consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste and food waste. It is a renewable energy source.
- Question 6 of 50
6. Question
Which of the following elements is non-radioactive?
Hint
Radioactive elements are made up of atoms whose nuclei are unstable and give off atomic radiation as part of a process of attaining stability. Uranium, Radium, Polonium, Thorium, etc are common radioactive elements. Zirconium is non-radioactive element.
- Question 7 of 50
7. Question
Which one of the following organic compounds has fruity smell?
Hint
Ester has a fruity smell due to its volatile nature caused by its chemical composition and conformations. The aroma of an ester is produced when alcohol combines with a carboxylic group (carbon bonded with oxygen atoms). Esters smell partly because they exhibit weak intermolecular forces.
- Question 8 of 50
8. Question
If there is no carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of the earth’s surface would be:
Hint
If there is no carbon dioxide (CO2) in the earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of the earth’s surface would be less than the present. CO2 is an important greenhouse gas that helps to trap heat in our atmosphere. Without it, our planet would be very cold.
- Question 9 of 50
9. Question
Quartz is made of:
Hint
Quartz is made of Sodium Silicate. It is a chemical compound consisting of one part silicon and two parts oxygen. It is silicon dioxide (SiO2). Sodium silicate is made by fusing silicon dioxide (from Sand) and Sodium oxide (from Soda ash).
- Question 10 of 50
10. Question
What is the chemical name for ‘Baking Soda’?
Hint
The chemical name for baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). It is a salt composed of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion.
- Question 11 of 50
11. Question
Saccharin is made up of:
Hint
Saccharin (C7H5NO3S) is made up of Toluene (C7H8). It is a zero-calorie artificial sweetener. It is about 200-700 times sweeter than sugar and is commonly used to replace it. It is made in a laboratory by oxidizing the chemicals o-toluene sulfonamide or phthalic anhydride.
- Question 12 of 50
12. Question
Generally, what is the colour of emerald?
Hint
The colour of the most popular emerald is pure deep green. Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium.
- Question 13 of 50
13. Question
PVC is obtained by the polymerisation of:
Hint
Polyvinyl chloride also known as PVC is obtained by the polymerisation of vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl that is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene.
- Question 14 of 50
14. Question
Which variety of glass is heat resistant?
Hint
Pyrex glass is a variety of heat-resistant glass. Pyrex contains borosilicate and expands only about one-third as much as common glass (silicate) when heated. As a result, it is less apt to break when subjected to rapid temperature changes. Flint glass is optical glass that has relatively high refractive index and low Abbe number.
- Question 15 of 50
15. Question
What is the element required for solar energy conversion?
Hint
Solar technologies convert sunlight into electrical energy either through photovoltaic (PV) panels or through mirrors that concentrate solar radiation. Silicon is the most common semiconductor material used in photovoltaic panels.
- Question 16 of 50
16. Question
Potassium permanganate is used for purifying drinking water because it:
Hint
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is used for purifying drinking water because it is a strong oxidsing agent. It oxidises dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into solid particles that are filtered out of the water. This is the reason why it is used as a cleansing agent.
- Question 17 of 50
17. Question
Which of the following imparts deep blue colour to glass?
Hint
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) imparts a deep blue colour to the glass. Before the glass can cool and solidify, cobalt can be added to the mixture to give the glass a deep blue color.
- Question 18 of 50
18. Question
Which of the following fibres catches fire least?
Hint
Cotton take more time to ignite but burns easily and quickly. Nylon, polyester and acrylic tend to be slow to ignite but once ignited, severe melting and dripping occurs. Rayon ignites easily but burns slower than cotton. Nylon is less flammable as well, but melts and can adhere to the skin.
- Question 19 of 50
19. Question
Which of the following is used as filler in tyre of rubber?
Hint
Amorphous silica and Carbon black are used as fillers in the tyre of rubber. Their presence in rubber is essential to achieve longer‐wearing products, increased tyre strength and longevity.
- Question 20 of 50
20. Question
Which of the following elements is obtained from the sea algae?
Hint
Iodine is obtained from the Laminaria Digitata algae. Laminaria Digitata is a large brown alga in the family Laminariaceae, also known by the common name oarweed. It is found in the sublittoral zone of the northern Atlantic Ocean.
- Question 21 of 50
21. Question
Milk tastes sour when it is left in open for some time. This happens due to the formation of:
Hint
Due to the formation of Lactic acid, milk gets sour when it is left in open for some time. Milk contains a sugar called lactose. It also contains harmless bacteria called lactobacillus, which uses lactose for energy and creates lactic acid as a by-product.
- Question 22 of 50
22. Question
The polymerisation of which of the following is used in manufacturing of polythene in industry?
Hint
The polymerisation of ethylene is used in the manufacturing of polythene in industry. Polyethylene (also called polythene) is made through an addition polymerization reaction that utilizes an ethylene monomer (–C2H4–) repeated along the chain.
- Question 23 of 50
23. Question
Which of the following chemical materials is responsible for the depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere?
Hint
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound composed of carbon, fluorine, and chlorine. It is used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and as refrigerants. CFC contributes to the loss of the protective ozone layer, which blocks ultraviolet rays from the sun.
- Question 24 of 50
24. Question
Which of the following is not a component of chlorophyll?
Hint
Chlorophyll is the natural compound present in green plants that gives them their color. It consists of a central magnesium atom surrounded by a nitrogen-containing structure called a porphyrin ring; attached to the ring is a long carbon-hydrogen side chain, known as a phytol chain. Calcium is not a component of chlorophyll.
- Question 25 of 50
25. Question
Cloud is a colloidal dispersion of:
Hint
Cloud is a colloidal dispersion of Water drops in a dispersion medium of air. Clouds are formed when moist and warm air rises from the seas and cools as they reach the atmosphere.
- Question 26 of 50
26. Question
The fourth state of matter is known as:
Hint
Plasma is the fourth state of matter (beyond the conventional solids, liquids and gases). It is an ionized gas consisting of approximately equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles.
- Question 27 of 50
27. Question
Which of the following is the petroleum wax?
Hint
Paraffin wax is a colorless soft, solid wax obtained from petroleum, coal or oil shale. It consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms. It’s often used in skin-softening salon and spa treatments on the hands, cuticles, and feet.
- Question 28 of 50
28. Question
Which variety of coal contains recognisable traces of the original plant material?
Hint
Peat contains recognisable traces of the original plant material. Peat is a soft, organic material consisting of partly decayed plant and mineral matter. When peat is placed under high pressure and heat, it undergoes physical and chemical changes (coalification) to become coal.
- Question 29 of 50
29. Question
Which is the purest form of iron?
Hint
Most iron is found in minerals formed by the combination of iron with other elements. The purest form of iron is Wrought iron. It contain 99.5% iron, 0.25% carbon and 0.25% other impurities.
- Question 30 of 50
30. Question
Which of the following metals form an amalgam with other metals?
Hint
An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
- Question 31 of 50
31. Question
By-product obtained by the soap industry is:
Hint
Soap is formed by mixing fats or oils with strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is also called lye. Any skin or hair cleansing product made without sodium hydroxide is not soap, it is detergent. This process yields soap as a product and glycerol as a byproduct.
- Question 32 of 50
32. Question
Which one of the following is pure water?
Hint
Rainwater is considered the purest form of water available on the Earth. However, the rainwater we receive on earth is not necessarily pure, as it brings down impurities and particles present in the atmosphere along with it. Distilled Water is also pure from any contaminants, but it has no minerals in it as well.
- Question 33 of 50
33. Question
Which silver salt is used for making film for photography?
Hint
Silver bromide (AgBr) is used for making a film for photography. It is used in photography as a component of an emulsion that helps develop a photographic image. Silver bromide is sensitive to light, and when suspended in gelatin, silver bromide’s grains create a photographic emulsion. When exposed to light, silver bromide decomposes and as a result, it preserves a photographic image.
- Question 34 of 50
34. Question
Which is used for settling muddy water?
Hint
Common alum (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O) is added to water in order to destabilize the mud particles suspended in it. This process is known as coagulation. Alum helps in purifying water by aluminium which helps to coagulate the mud particles. Due to the high charge on aluminum ion (Al+3), it helps the small particles of suspended solids to group together until they are of such large size that they sink and can be removed.
- Question 35 of 50
35. Question
Which is widely used in the plastic industry for manufacturing bakelite?
Hint
Phenol is widely used in the plastic industry for manufacturing bakelite. The chemical name of Bakelite is Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, (C6H6O·CH2O)n. It is a polymer made up of the monomers phenol and formaldehyde. This phenol-formaldehyde resin is a thermosetting polymer.
- Question 36 of 50
36. Question
Standard 18-carat gold sold in the market is:
Hint
24 carat is pure gold with no other metals. Lower caratages contain less gold. 18-carat gold contains 18 parts (75 percent) gold and 6 parts (25 percent) other metals (often copper or silver).
- Question 37 of 50
37. Question
For determination of the age of which among the following is carbon dating method used?
Hint
The carbon dating method (carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon. The carbon dating method is not used to determine the age of rock as it only works for objects that are younger than about 50,000 years, and most rocks of interest are older than that.
- Question 38 of 50
38. Question
A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called:
Hint
A substance which readily forms colloidal solution in contact with water is called Hydrophilic colloid. Hydrophilic colloids contain an outer shell of groups that interact favorably with water, whereas hydrophobic colloids have an outer surface with little affinity for water. Emulsions are prepared by dispersing a hydrophobic liquid in water.
- Question 39 of 50
39. Question
Electron was discovered by:
Hint
Sir Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940) was an English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897). Electron was discovered by him when he was studying the properties of the cathode rays.
- Question 40 of 50
40. Question
When formaldehyde and potassium hydroxide are heated, we get:
Hint
When formaldehyde and potassium hydroxide (KOH) are heated, we get methyl alcohol and potassium formate. This reaction is known as the Cannizzaro reaction. In Cannizzaro’s reaction, one substance is oxidized and the other is reduced.
- Question 41 of 50
41. Question
Which of the following acids is manufactured using sawdust?
Hint
Oxalic acid is manufactured using sawdust. The heating of sawdust with Potassium hydroxide (KOH) results in the production of oxalic acid.
- Question 42 of 50
42. Question
When conc H2SO4 is added to dry KNO3, brown fumes are evolved. These fumes are due to:
Hint
When Concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is added to dry potassium nitrate (KNO3), gives brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas. Concentrated H2SO4 reacts with dry KNO3 to form nitric acid (HNO3) and potassium sulphate (KHSO4). The formed HNO3 dissociates to give NO2, H2O and O2 gas.
- Question 43 of 50
43. Question
The polymer used in making plastic crockery is:
Hint
Melamine (C3H6N6) is a polymer used in making plastic crockery. Melamine is used for making crockery because it resists fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics.
- Question 44 of 50
44. Question
Vulcanization of rubber is carried out by adding:
Hint
Vulcanization of rubber is carried out by adding Sulphur. It is a process of improvement of the rubber elasticity and strength by heating it in the presence of sulphur, which results in three-dimensional cross-linking of the chain rubber molecules (polyisoprene) bonded to each other by sulfur atoms.
- Question 45 of 50
45. Question
Which of the following is used in dating archaeological findings?
Hint
14C6 is used in dating archaeological findings up to about 60,000 years old. Radiocarbon dating (carbon-14 dating) is a method used for dating archaeological findings by using the properties of radiocarbon (14C6), a radioactive isotope of carbon.
- Question 46 of 50
46. Question
Gobar gas (Biogas) mainly contains:
Hint
Gobar gas (Biogas) contains mainly methane. It is a mixture of gases, primarily consisting of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste and food waste. It is a renewable energy source.
- Question 47 of 50
47. Question
Preparation of ‘Vanaspati’ ghee from vegetable oil utilizes the following process:
Hint
Preparation of ‘Vanaspati’ ghee from vegetable oil utilizes the process Hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is a process where manufacturers add hydrogen to a liquid fat, such as vegetable oil, to turn it into a solid fat at room temperature.
- Question 48 of 50
48. Question
Smoke is formed due to:
Hint
Smoke is formed due to solid dispersed in gas. Smoke is a collection of tiny unburnt particles. It is a collection of tiny solid, liquid and gas particles — mostly carbon (soot), tar, oils and ash. Here solid acts as a dispersed phase and gas acts as a dispersed medium.
- Question 49 of 50
49. Question
Which of the following chemicals is used in photography?
Hint
Silver bromide (AgBr) is used for making a film for photography. It is used in photography as a component of an emulsion that helps develop a photographic image. Silver bromide is sensitive to light, and when suspended in gelatin, silver bromide’s grains create a photographic emulsion. When exposed to light, silver bromide decomposes and as a result, it preserves a photographic image.
- Question 50 of 50
50. Question
Diamond and Graphite are:
Hint
Diamond and Graphite are allotropes. Allotrope refers to one or more forms of a chemical element that occur in the same physical state. Graphite, charcoal, and diamond are all allotropes of carbon.