Chemistry Quiz 2

Ruby and sapphire are precious gemstones, made of Aluminium Oxide (Al₂O₃) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, vanadium, or magnesium.

Flying balloons are filled with a gas lighter than the atmospheric air. Both hydrogen and helium are lighter than air. Hydrogen is even lighter than helium. Hydrogen, however, is not used in balloons because Helium (Noble Gas) is safe and non-reactive which means it is non-combustible.

Fibre-lass is used for making glass-reinforced plastic. Fiber-reinforced plastic is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibres. The fibres are usually glass, carbon, aramid, or basalt.

Aluminium provides amphoteric oxide. Metal oxides which react with both acids as well as bases to produce salts and water are known as amphoteric oxides. Many metals (such as zinc, tin, lead, aluminium, and beryllium) form amphoteric oxides or hydroxides. Al₂O₃ is an example of an amphoteric oxide.

The noble gas used in radiotherapy is radon (Rn). Radon is a heavy radioactive gas of Group 18 (noble gases) of the periodic table, generated by the radioactive decay of radium.

Major pollutants of cigarette smoke are Carbon monoxide (CO) and benzene (C₆H₆). Carbon monoxide is emitted in high concentrations in cigarette smoke. Benzene in cigarette smoke accounts for half of all human exposure to a cancer-causing toxin. Cigarette smoke includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, benzene, formaldehyde, nicotine, etc.

The process of improving the quality of rubber by heating it with sulphur is called Vulcanization. It is the process of converting natural rubber to more strong and more elastic form.

Bronze is an alloy traditionally composed of copper and tin. Bronze is typically consists of approximately 88 percent copper and 12 percent tin.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and halons destroy the earth's protective ozone layer, which shields the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays generated from the sun. CFCs and HCFCs also warm the lower atmosphere of the earth, changing global climate.

Commercially, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is known as Baking soda. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion. Baking soda is a leavening agent used in baked goods like cakes, muffins, and cookies.