Chemistry Quiz 6

A catalytic converter is a device used in motor vehicles to reduce the damage caused to the environment by poisonous gases. Catalytic converters are generally made from transition metals. Transition metals such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh) are used in the catalytic converters.

The chemical name of Gypsum is calcium sulphate dihydrate (CaSO₄⋅2H₂O). Milk of lime is the common name for saturated calcium hydroxide solution (Ca(OH)₂). Glauber's salt is the common name for sodium sulphate decahydrate (Na₂SO₄·10H₂O). Saltpeter is one name for the compound called potassium nitrate, which has the chemical formula KNO₃.

Soot, Graphite and Charcoal are different forms of carbon particles. Hematite is not a form of carbon, it is an ore of iron.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is the major harmful gas emitted by automobile vehicles which causes air pollution. It results from incomplete combustion of fuel and is emitted directly from vehicle tailpipes.

The isotope ²³⁵U is important because under certain conditions it can readily be split, yielding a lot of energy. It is therefore said to be 'fissile' and we use the expression 'nuclear fission'.

The atomic clock is based on transitions in Caesium. The caesium atomic clock is the most accurate type of clock yet developed. This device makes use of transitions between the spin states of the cesium nucleus and produces a frequency which is so regular that it has been adopted for establishing the time standard.

Galvanizing is a process of coating iron or steel with zinc in order to provide greater protection against corrosion for the iron or steel base.

Preparation of 'Vanaspati' ghee from vegetable oil utilizes the process Hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is a process where manufacturers add hydrogen to a liquid fat, such as vegetable oil, to turn it into a solid fat at room temperature.

Cement is usually a mixture of calcium silicate and calcium aluminate. cement is a powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay as major ingredients. The clay used provides silica, alumina, and iron oxide, while calcined lime basically provides calcium oxide.

The main gases responsible for the greenhouse effect include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor (which all occur naturally), and fluorinated gases (which are synthetic). Bacteria are responsible for both the production and consumption of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄).