Chemistry Quiz 5

Rainwater is considered the purest form of water available on the Earth. However, the rainwater we receive on earth is not necessarily pure, as it brings down impurities and particles present in the atmosphere along with it. Distilled water is a type of purified water that has had both contaminants and minerals removed.

Commercially, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is known as Baking soda. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion. Baking soda is a leavening agent used in baked goods like cakes, muffins, and cookies.

Heavy water (D₂O) is water that contains heavy hydrogen - also known as deuterium - in place of regular hydrogen. The boiling point of heavy water (101.4°C ) is higher than that of ordinary water (100°C). The density of heavy water (1.11 g/cm³) is higher than that of ordinary water (1.00 g/cm³). The freezing point of heavy water (3.8°C) is higher than that of ordinary water (0°C).

Copper sulphate (CuSO₄) is used for destroying Fungi in water tanks. It can kill bacteria, algae, roots, plants, snails and fungi.

The chemical name of 'Common salt' is Sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^–) ions.

The main gases responsible for the greenhouse effect include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor (which all occur naturally), and fluorinated gases (which are synthetic) chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, bromofluorocarbons (halons), perfluorcarbons, nitrogen trifluoride, and sulphur hexafluoride.

When Concentrated sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) is added to dry potassium nitrate (KNO₃), gives brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) gas. Concentrated H₂SO₄ reacts with dry KNO₃ to form nitric acid (HNO₃) and potassium sulphate (KHSO₄). The formed HNO₃ dissociates to give NO₂, H₂O and O₂ gas.

Major pollutants of cigarette smoke are Carbon monoxide (CO) and benzene (C₆H₆). Carbon monoxide is emitted in high concentrations in cigarette smoke. Benzene in cigarette smoke accounts for half of all human exposure to a cancer-causing toxin. Cigarette smoke includes carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, benzene, formaldehyde, nicotine, etc.

The temperature of the oxy-acetylene flame is around 3200°C. Oxy-acetylene welding, commonly referred to as gas welding, is a process which relies on combustion of oxygen and acetylene. When mixed together in correct proportions within a hand-held torch or blowpipe, a relatively hot flame is produced with a temperature of about 3200°C.

The chemical name for baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃). It is a salt composed of a sodium cation and a bicarbonate anion.