Chemistry Quiz 5

Glass is a supercooled liquid. Supercooling is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid or a gas below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. It achieves this in the absence of a seed crystal or nucleus around which a crystal structure can form.

Nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons. The atom consists of a tiny nucleus surrounded by moving electrons. The nucleus contains protons, which have a positive charge equal in magnitude to the electron's negative charge. The nucleus may also contain neutrons, which have virtually the same mass but no charge.

Cooking gas (LPG) is a mixture of butane and propane. It is composed of hydrocarbons containing three or four carbon atoms. The normal components of LPG thus, are propane (C₃H₈) and butane (C₄H₁₀). Small concentrations of other hydrocarbons may also be present.

Magnesium is present in seawater in amounts of about 1300 ppm. The six most abundant ions of seawater are chloride (Cl⁻), sodium (Na⁺), sulphate (SO²₄⁻), magnesium (Mg²⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), and potassium (K⁺). By weight, these ions make up about 99 percent of all sea salts.

The mixture of Propane (C₃H₈) and Butane (C₄H₁₀) gases is mainly stored as a liquid under pressure in LPG cylinder.

Electric bulbs are filled with Argon. The heat from the tungsten filament generates light and the argon helps prevent the filament from decaying.

Soap is formed by mixing fats or oils with strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is also called lye. Any skin or hair cleansing product made without sodium hydroxide is not soap, it is detergent. This process yields soap as a product and glycerol as a byproduct.

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a by-product of the refinery process. It is a fuel gas made of petrol which contains a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases, most commonly propane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀) and propylene. The composition of LPG from its individual components is not fixed.

Amorphous silica and Carbon black are used as fillers in the tyre of rubber. Their presence in rubber is essential to achieve longer‐wearing products, increased tyre strength and longevity.

Kelps are large brown algae seaweeds that make up the order Laminariales. It grows in shallow saltwater near coastal areas around the world. It is a rich source of iodine, minerals, antioxidants, fiber, proteins, and healthy carbohydrates.