Chemistry Quiz 5

Milk of magnesia is also known as magnesium hydroxide. It is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)₂. It occurs in nature as the mineral brucite.

Cement is formed by strongly heating a mixture of limestone and clay. Cement manufacturing is a complex process that begins with mining and then grinding raw materials that include limestone and clay, to a fine powder, called raw meal, which is then heated to a sintering temperature as high as 1450 °C in a cement kiln.

Curie point, also called Curie Temperature (T_C) is the temperature at which certain magnetic materials lose their magnetic properties.

Phenol is widely used in the plastic industry for manufacturing bakelite. The chemical name of Bakelite is Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, (C₆H₆O·CH₂O)_n. It is a polymer made up of the monomers phenol and formaldehyde. This phenol-formaldehyde resin is a thermosetting polymer.

Alizarin (C₁₄H₈O₄) is a natural dye. It is a red dye originally obtained from the root of the common madder plant, Rubia tinctorum, in which it occurs combined with the sugars xylose and glucose. In 1869, it became the first natural dye to be produced synthetically.

Cement in different types is made mainly by calcining a mixture of about 75% limestone and 25% clay to form a calcium silicate clinker which is then ground and mixed with a small amount of gypsum.

Flying balloons are filled with a gas lighter than the atmospheric air. Both hydrogen and helium are lighter than air. Hydrogen is even lighter than helium. Hydrogen, however, is not used in balloons because Helium (Noble Gas) is safe and non-reactive which means it is non-combustible.

Rocket engines and boosters carry both fuel and an oxidizer. For solid fuel, the components are aluminium and ammonium perchlorate. For liquid fuel, the components are liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. When combined, the fuels release water, which allows the rocket to leave the ground.

When a gas is expanded from a high-pressure region to a low-pressure region; temperature change occurs. This phenomenon is related to the Joule-Thomson effect. The inversion temperature of hydrogen is low thus it shows heating effect (increase in temperature) when it expands adiabatically from high pressure into a region of low pressure.

Cement is usually a mixture of calcium silicate and calcium aluminate. cement is a powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay as major ingredients. The clay used provides silica, alumina, and iron oxide, while calcined lime basically provides calcium oxide.