Biology Quiz 7

Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments with pea plants, long before the discovery of DNA and genes.

Silverfish, Starfish and Cuttlefish are not true fish. Silverfish is not a fish but an insect. Starfish is not a fish. It do not have gills, scales, or fins. Cuttle fish is not the fish but is a Mollusc belonging to the class Cephalopoda. Dogfish are small, bottom-dwelling sharks.

There are two types of vitamins: water-soluble and fat-soluble. Vitamin C and members of the vitamin B complex are water-soluble. Water-soluble vitamins are easily destroyed or washed out during food storage and preparation.

Saliva helps in the digestion of starch (complex carbohydrates). It contains special enzymes called amylase that help digest the starches in food. Amylase breaks down starches into sugars, which the body can more easily absorb.

Ostrich is the largest living bird on the planet. With its long neck and brown plumage, the ostrich is the tallest and heaviest bird. An adult ostrich weighs up to 150 kilograms and has a maximum height of 6 feet.

The human skeleton of an adult consists of around 206 bones. There are typically around 270 bones in human infants, which fuse to become 206 to 213 bones in the human adult.

The pituitary gland is sometimes called the 'master gland' of the endocrine system because it controls the functions of many of the other endocrine glands. It is located at the base of the brain.

When the radius of blood vessels decreases, their capacity to hold blood is reduced, allowing more blood to return to the heart from which it is pumped into the arteries. As a result, blood pressure increases.

The typical composition of exhaled air is about 18 percent O₂, 78 percent N₂, and 4 percent CO₂.

The starfish has respiratory organ but does not have brain. They have a complex nervous system that allows them to make a decision. This nervous system is centralized in the ring around the mouth.