Biology Quiz 3

Estrogen is a female hormone that plays various roles. It helps develop and maintain both the reproductive system and female characteristics, such as breasts and pubic hair.

Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally. GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells.

Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s.

The tusks of an elephant are upper incisors that are modified to become long and curved. They replace deciduous milk teeth at 6–12 months of age and grow continuously at about 17 cm (7 in) a year.

Tissue culture is a technique in which a small fragments of a plant (explant) are introduced into an artificial, nutrient medium, which allows its functioning or growth. Fragments of plant material, perhaps even just a couple of cells, are placed in an artificial growing medium to develop into new plants.

Aspirin is the common name of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). It is prepared by chemical synthesis from salicylic acid, through acetylation with acetic anhydride. Aspirin is a medication used to reduce substances in the body that cause pain, fever, and inflammation.

Carotenoids protect the plant from UV (ultraviolet) damage. Carotenoids are pigments in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. These pigments produce bright yellow, red, and orange colours in plants. Carotenoids are responsible for the quenching of light and protect cells from damages caused by light and superoxide radicles.

The fluid part of blood without corpuscles is called Plasma. Blood plasma is fluid part of blood in which corpuscles (blood cells) are absent, but contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension. Plasma is the largest part (about 55%) of blood.

Each biological parent donates one of two ABO genes to their child. The A and B genes are dominant and the O gene is recessive. For example, if an O gene is paired with an A gene, the blood type will be A. Parents with AB and O blood types can either have children with blood type A or blood type B. Two O blood type parents can produce a child with only O blood type. Two parents with A blood type can produce a child with either A or O blood types.

The femur is the longest bone found in the human body. It is almost 19.9 inches long and is commonly known as the thigh bone.