Biology Quiz 2

Zymase is a complex enzyme whose presence in glucose and fructose is converted into alcohol. It catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Amphibians can endure certain measures of mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood since they don't need a lot of energy.

Zinc is the metal which presents in insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood and that is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. In humans, insulin is stored as a crystalline hexamer containing two zinc ions and one calcium ion. The chemical formula of insulin is C₂₅₇H₃₈₃N₆₅O₇₇S₆.

An endemic species refers to a species that is native to where it is found. A species can be endemic to a particular small geographical area, such as a single island, or to a larger area, such as a continent. India has nine hornbill species, of which four are found in the Western Ghats: Indian Grey Hornbill (endemic to India), the Malabar Grey Hornbill (endemic to the Western Ghats), Malabar Pied Hornbill (endemic to India and Sri Lanka) and the widely distributed but endangered Great Hornbill.

All eukaryotic cells have a surrounding plasma membrane (cell membrane). The plasma membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that separate the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment.

Anadromous fish lives mostly in the ocean but during reproduction go to fresh water stream. Hilsa and Salmon are anadromous fish.

Hyperplasia means an abnormal increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue. These cells appear normal under a microscope.

Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) are used to prevent pregnancy. Estrogen and progesterone are two female sex hormones. Combinations of estrogen and progesterone work by preventing ovulation (the release of eggs from the ovaries).

Kidney can be taken from a dying person who has the cessation of neurological function only. Tissues such as cornea, heart valves, skin, and bone can be donated in case of natural death but vital organs such as heart, liver, kidneys, intestines, lungs, and pancreas can be donated only in the case of 'brain death'.

When the radius of blood vessels decreases, their capacity to hold blood is reduced, allowing more blood to return to the heart from which it is pumped into the arteries. As a result, blood pressure increases.