Biology Quiz 2

Itai-itai disease is a well-known health hazard induced by cadmium (Cd) that was first reported in the Cd-polluted Jinzu River basin of Toyama Prefecture, Japan.

A photosynthetic vesicle found in bacteria is called a chromatophore. In some forms of photosynthetic bacteria, a chromatophore is a coloured, membrane-associated vesicle used to perform photosynthesis. Chromatophores contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids.

Chocolates can be bad for health because of a high content of nickel. Nickel is the most abundant toxic metal and its presence creates a serious risk to children's health.

BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) vaccination is to be given to a newborn child within six months. This vaccination provides consistent protection against tuberculosis (TB) disease. It is recommended for all babies soon after birth up to 1 year old (for some specific areas).

The vector of disease sleeping sickness is tsetse fly. Sleeping sickness (African Trypanosomiasis) is caused by microscopic parasites of the species Trypanosoma brucei. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina species).

Aflatoxins are produced by fungi. They are a family of toxins produced by certain fungi that are found on agricultural crops such as maize (corn), peanuts, cottonseed, and tree nuts.

Ethology is a branch of zoology dealing with the scientific study of animal behaviour.

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB bacteria spread through the air from one person to another. When a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs or speaks, TB bacteria can get into the air. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected.

Normally, each cell in the human body has 23 pairs (46) of chromosomes (Half come from the mother and the other half come from the father). Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome.

Urease was the First Crystalline Enzyme and the Proof That Enzymes Are Proteins. The isolation and crystallization of urease by James Sumner, in 1926, provided a breakthrough in early enzyme studies.