Biology Quiz 2

Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens. There are 4 main blood groups – A, B, AB and O. Blood group is determined by the genes inherited from the parents. AB-positive blood type is known as the “universal recipient” because AB-positive patients can receive red blood cells from all blood types.

Molybdenum deficiency affects the activity of nitrate reductase. Without sufficient molybdenum plants accumulate nitrate in their leaves, but cannot use it to make proteins for normal growth. The plant becomes stunted and the leaves show symptoms of nitrogen deficiency, appearing pale green or yellowish-green in colour between the veins.

The normal cholesterol levels are different depending on age and sex. In adult human blood, It is between 180-200 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).

The average heartbeat rate per minute in a normal person is 72. A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Generally, a lower heart rate at rest implies more efficient heart function and better cardiovascular fitness.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a temperature-sensitive vitamin, so is easily destroyed by heat. It is easily degraded during cooking.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease, involving inappropriately elevated blood sugar (glucose) levels. Diabetes happens when your body can't take up sugar into its cells to use as fuel.

Dehydration is caused by not drinking enough fluid or by losing more fluid than you take in. During dehydration, Sodium chloride is the substance that is usually lost by the body. Fluid is lost through sweat, tears, vomiting, urine or diarrhea. Dehydration is almost invariably associated with some loss of salt (sodium chloride) as well.

Beri-Beri is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 deficiency, also known as thiamine deficiency. The body needs thiamin to break down and digest the foods, keep the metabolism going, and help muscles and the nervous system do their jobs effectively.

Antibiotics are synthetic compounds inhibiting the growth of bacteria. They are medicines that fight bacterial infections. They work by killing the bacteria or by making it hard for the bacteria to grow and multiply.

The largest amount of sugar present in human blood is glucose. It is an important source of energy and provides nutrients to the body. It comes from food eaten. Blood carries glucose to all of the body's cells to use for energy.