Indian Constitution Online Mock Test

Fundamental duties basically imply the moral obligations of all citizens of a country. There are 11 fundamental duties in India, which are written in Part IV-A (Article 51-A) of the Constitution of India. Fundamental Duties were incorporated in the Indian Constitution by the 42nd amendment.

In order to be chosen a member of Parliament (Article 84(b)), a person must be a citizen of India and not less than 30 years of age in the case of Rajya Sabha and not less than 25 years of age in the case of Lok Sabha.

Finance Commission is a constitutional body for the purpose of allocation of certain revenue resources between the Union and the State Governments. It was established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution by the Indian President. It was created to define the financial relations between the Centre and the states.

Article 12 to 35 of the Constitution of India deal with Fundamental Rights. These are inspired by the Constitution of United States of America.

In law, certiorari is a court process to seek judicial review of a decision of a lower court or government agency. The writ of certiorari can be issued by the Supreme Court or any High Court for quashing the order already passed by an inferior court, tribunal or quasi-judicial authority.

The two forms of democracy are Parliamentary and Presidential. Parliamentary democracy is a form of government in which the party in the parliament (legislature) forms the government, its leader becoming prime minister or chancellor. The presidential system, unlike the parliamentary form of democracy, has a strong and independent chief executive with extensive powers related to both domestic, or internal, affairs and foreign policy. The president's independence from the legislature is based on election by the people to whom he or she is directly accountable and not to the legislature, as in the parliamentary system.

A Judge of the Supreme Court can be removed from office by an order of the President passed after each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of members present and voting.

The constitution allows both the Supreme court and the High court to issue writs to enforce fundamental rights. Article 32 states that the Supreme court can issue any of the mentioned writs to enforce the fundamental rights under part III.

Article 32 deals with the 'Right to Constitutional Remedies', or affirms the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred in Part III of the Constitution. Article 32 is the protector of the rights of the citizens of India and is regarded as the 'heart and soul of the constitution'.

Gandhiji's support to decentralisation of power means decentralization of the means of production (i.e. say economic power). They argue that it is desirable to go in for decentralization because huge capital accumulation is needed to industrialize the country through large-scale industries.