Biology Quiz 5

The femur is the longest bone found in the human body. It is almost 19.9 inches long and is commonly known as the thigh bone.

Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) were contemporary naturalists who proposed a similar theory of organic evolution. Wallace greatly admired On the Origin of Species. In turn, Darwin regarded Wallace as the one man who truly understood the idea of evolution by natural selection.

A goitre is a swelling of the thyroid gland that causes a lump in the front of the neck. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter.

Melanin is a type of pigment that gives colour to the hair, skin, and eyes in humans and animals. It is a complex polymer derived from the amino acid tyrosine.

Heparin is the anti-coagulant substance in the blood. Heparin injection is used to decrease the clotting ability of the blood and help prevent harmful clots from forming in blood vessels. This medicine is sometimes called a blood thinner, although it does not actually thin the blood.

Testosterone is the primary sex hormone in males. It plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair.

Goats tend to be less susceptible to heat stress than animals like cows, donkeys, and buffalos. They can tolerate more summer heat. A healthy adult goat can survive in temperatures ranging from below -18°Celcius and above 38°Celcius.

Perishable foods are those likely to spoil, decay or become unsafe to consume. Vegetables are easily perishable because of their high content of water for the growth of microorganisms and moderate pH range which is suitable for the growth of mesophilic microorganism (which grows in a moderate temperature range).

In male sharks, two claspers are found attached to the Pelvic fin. The claspers are simply a modified portion of the pelvic fin, and since there are two pelvic fins, there are two claspers.

Thalassemia is a hereditary disease which affects Blood. It is an inherited blood disorder characterised by less oxygen-carrying protein (hemoglobin) and fewer red blood cells in the body than normal.