Biology Quiz 4

An antibiotic is a chemical synthesized by a micro-organism against another micro-organism. It is a medicine which is used for destroying bacteria and curing infections. The term antibiotic, coined in 1942, describes any substance produced by a microorganism, and subsequently by chemical synthesis, that is antagonistic to the growth of other microorganisms.

Vitamin E is particularly important for the normal activity of sex glands as it improves blood flow and oxygen to sexual organs. It is an antioxidant that helps to maintain healthy skin, eyes and hormonal balance. It also enhances immune function and prevents clots from forming in heart arteries.

Ringworm is a fungal disease. It is a common infection of the skin that is caused by a type of fungus called dermatophytes.

Due to the presence of Carotene, a fat-soluble pigment, the colour of cows milk is slightly yellow. β-Carotene is a secondary source of vitamin A, considered a precursor, and is usually present in milk.

Smallpox has been eradicated from the world. It was a serious infectious disease caused by the variola virus. World Health Organization (WHO) declared smallpox eradicated in 1980.

Cytology is the study of cells as fundamental units of living things. A cytology test is used to look closely at cells and body fluids.

Carotenoids protect the plant from UV (ultraviolet) damage. Carotenoids are pigments in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. These pigments produce bright yellow, red, and orange colours in plants. Carotenoids are responsible for the quenching of light and protect cells from damages caused by light and superoxide radicles.

The human skeleton of an adult consists of around 206 bones. There are typically around 270 bones in human infants, which fuse to become 206 to 213 bones in the human adult.

The smallpox vaccine is made from a virus called vaccinia, which is a poxvirus similar to smallpox, but less harmful. It contains live vaccinia virus, not a killed or weakened virus like many other vaccines. Other live virus vaccines currently used include measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox.

Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s.