Biology Quiz 4

Urease was the First Crystalline Enzyme and the Proof That Enzymes Are Proteins. The isolation and crystallization of urease by James Sumner, in 1926, provided a breakthrough in early enzyme studies.

Darwin defined evolution as “descent with modification,” the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor. According to Darwin's Theory of Evolution, long necks in giraffes arose because of a constant attempt to reach leaves on tall trees, generation after generation.

Nepenthes is an insect-catching plant. It is a genus of carnivorous plants, also known as tropical pitcher plants, or monkey cups, in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae.

A photosynthetic vesicle found in bacteria is called a chromatophore. In some forms of photosynthetic bacteria, a chromatophore is a coloured, membrane-associated vesicle used to perform photosynthesis. Chromatophores contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids.

A third molar is commonly known as a wisdom tooth. It is one of the three molars per quadrant of the human dentition. It is the most posterior of the three. The age at which wisdom teeth come through (erupt) is variable, but this generally occurs between late teens and early twenties.

The colour of the eye depends upon the amount and quality of melanin present in the iris. A high concentration of melanin gives the iris a brown colour, a moderate concentration of melanin results in a greenish or hazel iris, and a low concentration of melanin results in a blue iris.

Blood cancer is otherwise called Leukemia. Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system.

Carotenoids protect the plant from UV (ultraviolet) damage. Carotenoids are pigments in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. These pigments produce bright yellow, red, and orange colours in plants. Carotenoids are responsible for the quenching of light and protect cells from damages caused by light and superoxide radicles.

Melanin is a type of pigment that gives colour to the hair, skin, and eyes in humans and animals. It is a complex polymer derived from the amino acid tyrosine.

Bleaching powder is used in drinking water as a disinfectant. It is an active agent which is used to kill germs and bacteria in drinking water. The main content of the bleaching powder is the Chlorine element which acts as the main disinfectant material.