Biology Quiz 4

Fructose is natural sugar present in fruits, certain vegetables, and honey. Grapes, apples, watermelon, asparagus, jackfruit, pears and zucchini are some fruits which contain high fructose.

Sleeping sickness is caused by microscopic parasites of the species Trypanosoma Brucei. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly (Glossina species).

Sporozoite is the infective stage of the Malarial Parasite. Malaria infection begins when an infected female Anopheles mosquito bites a person, injecting Plasmodium parasites, in the form of sporozoites, into the bloodstream. The sporozoites pass quickly into the human liver. The sporozoites multiply in the liver cells, causing no symptoms.

The approximate time required for a heartbeat is 0.8 second. A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 (for children- 70 to 100) beats per minute. (Approximate time required for a heartbeat = 60 second ÷ average heart rate ≈ 0.8 second).

Tissue culture (micropropagation) is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the parent organism. It is a technique in which fragments of plants are cultured and grown in a labouratory.

Emphysema kills more people than lung cancer as a consequence of air pollution. It is a condition that involves damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. Alveoli are small, thin-walled, very fragile air sacs located in clusters at the end of the bronchial tubes deep inside the lungs.

Saliva helps in the digestion of starch (complex carbohydrates). It contains special enzymes called amylase that help digest the starches in food. Amylase breaks down starches into sugars, which the body can more easily absorb.

Casuarina is a xerophyte plant. A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or ice-covered region. Popular examples of xerophytes are Casuarina, cacti, pineapple, etc.

Ascorbic acid – Vitamin-C, Chlorophyll – Photosynthetic pigment, Carotenoid – Quencher, Superoxide dismutase – Enzyme. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme found in all living cells.

Pulmonary Vein brings clean blood from the lungs into the heart. Its function is to transport oxygenated blood from the lung alveoli into the left atria.